Fig. 2
From: The role of kinesin family members in hepatobiliary carcinomas: from bench to bedside
The roles of the kinesin-2, 3, 4 family members in HCC. (A) Kinesin-2 family: KIF3B may influence tumor cells proliferation and apoptosis via an effect on Akt signaling pathway. (B) Kinesin-3 family: Tumor promotion: a positive feedback loop has been described between KIF14 and ETS1 in Akt signaling transduction. Transcription factor ETS1 up-regulates KIF14 expression, and KIF14 promotes tumor development by stimulating Akt signaling, which subsequently activates ETS1 to further magnify this effect. Both sorafenib treatment, KIF14 interference, and transcriptional suppression by Sox17 can disrupt the cycle by inhibiting KIF14 expression. Moreover, the tumor promotion mediated by KIF14 may also be correlated with post-translational modification (ubiquitination) of p27Kip1. Tumor suppression: the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of KIF1B (represented by rs17401966) has been reported to protect against HCC. (C) Kinesin-4 family: KIF4A protects tumor cells from apoptosis by stimulating PI3K/Akt signaling, and both FOXM1c and hepatitis B virus (HBV) can positively regulate KIF4A expression at the transcriptional level. And two underlying associations: KIF4A and p53 signaling, KIF21B and tumor cell proliferation and survival, remain to be further investigated