Fig. 2
From: The CAR macrophage cells, a novel generation of chimeric antigen-based approach against solid tumors
The manufacturing of CAR M cells. The CAR M cell production can be done in two separate manners, the in-vivo and ex-vivo manners. In the ex-vivo way (left), the cells were chosen from the different cell sources and then modified with genetic-engineering tools for CAR M manufacturing. This process requires cell selection, activation, expansion, and differentiation. Then, the CAR M can be administrated by intratumoral or intravenously. In the in-vivo manner (right), the CAR transgene is induced into nano complexes, and then the final structure can be injected into the body for transforming the TAMs to CAR M cells in the TME for maximum effect